On the contrary, a study by [2] on the three colleges of Ghana found that students had a positive attitude toward mathematics with a willingness to learn. 1. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2010.03.720, 63. They do not have a good foundation. Hershey, Pennsylvania: IGI Global (2018). Perceived factors influencing academic performance of students in accounting in secondary schools in anambra state. 49.Ministry of Education. A study by [9] claimed that both education and human life do not effectively function without the knowledge of mathematics. Out of 181 respondents, 145 (79.6%) have indicated that mathematics textbooks are very much dominated by arithmetic. 38(2):24959. 79. Radhika, R. Fiji national university backs decision on maths intake mark. 25:85118. It is a process to gather evidence to implement change in practices. People need to have a complex Int. Sharma, B, Lauano, FJ, Narayan, S, Anzeg, A, Kumar, B, and Raj, J. 2(2):45026. Uusimaki, L, and Nason, R. Causes underlying pre-service teachers negative beliefs and anxieties about mathematics. Many researchers have argued that the lecture method is a passive, ineffective, and antiquated teaching method used by teachers that would soon become obsolete [87]. 56. Fiji Village (2013). Many Fijian students fail to meet the basic entry requirements for HE institutions in STEM courses that require either a pass or a higher cutoff mark in mathematics [36]. [Masters thesis]. A recent study by [1] found that 85.63% of students claimed that poor teaching methods of some mathematics teachers scare students from the subject. It mostly deals with numbers, calculations, and complex computations. Printed by fabson graphic production (2007). Sharma, B, Fonolahi, A, Bali, A, and Narayan, S. The online mathematics diagnostic tool for transformative learning in the pacific. OBJECTIVE How to increase the performance of the pupils in Math 6. 2(3):4351. The teachers provided the students with summary notes for easier understanding and provided recaps before beginning new lessons. 38.Ministry of Education. The purpose of the research was to investigate the causes of poor performance of mathematics subject in Karama division, Tigania East District. The research group consisted of 51 students in the 10th grade (26 in the experimental group and 25 . Sample Deped Action Research Topics and Titles - Free download as Word Doc (.doc / .docx), PDF File (.pdf), Text File (.txt) or read online for free. Mathematics is the key to opportunity, for students it opens doors, enables informed decisions, and provides knowledge to compete in a technological economy (National Research Council, 1989). Figure 2 shows the teacher training qualifications and 100% of the teachers have teacher training qualification ranging from secondary teacher training certificate to post graduate diploma in education. Br J Educ Technol (2007). 2(2). From the target population of 201 respondents, 181 respondents comprising of 151 years 12 and 13 students, 16 mathematics teachers, 7 heads of mathematics department, and 7 school heads answered the questionnaire. Self-concept in mathematics can be defined as student ratings of their skills, ability, enjoyment, and interest in mathematics is seen as an essential factor in their achievement in math. 44. Where is it used in real life? Student FG 13. In fact, students in Taiwan generally . He further claimed that the gap in the curriculum content and the forms of assessment to achieve the outcomes has labeled the Fijian education system hapless. 82. 61. II. Nsukka (Nigeria): University of Nigeria (2011). Teachers personal and professional characteristics play a significant role in students liking or disliking of mathematics. I can answer few simple questions but when it comes to complex exercises, I just lose hope again. Student FG 19. 48. b) What is the student perception on teachers attitude toward teaching mathematics at senior secondary grades? 2001. Investigation of junior secondary students perceptions of mathematics classroom learning environments in China. Whereas almost all areas of the curriculum have changed to fit better with the context of Fiji, it is still an academic system that is driven by examinations [43]. I was really doing well in mathematics till year 4. However, few teachers find lecture method to be useful in covering a substantial amount of content, especially with large class sizes [88]. IEEE (2019). 37(3). From the results it was evident that few of the teachers still preferred teacher-centered method (lecture method) of teaching their mathematics lessons. Eurasia J Math Sci Technol Educ (2013). As many as 1 in 5 U.S. adults report severe math anxiety. The following recommendations are made based on the findings of the study: The mathematics curriculum at both years 12 and 13 need to be reviewed and amended in order to allow outcome-based teaching and learning to take place. Lingam, GI. Classroom action research begins with a question or questions about classroom experiences, issues, or challenges. Students follow precise instructions to use the skill themselves in a scaffolded, step-by-step way. 62. All the respondents were assured of confidentiality and their identity anonymity to protect the privacy of each respondent and to get the required information, which are the true opinions of each respondent. It refers to someones basic liking or disliking of a subject [13, 50]. The same 16 mathematics teachers, 7 heads of the mathematics department, and 6 school heads from the 181 respondents group were the respondents who were also interviewed. Aust Senior Math J (2013). overwhelms the abilities of adults and ultimately causes as one of the most important factors for poor performance in mathematics [11]. Int Electron J Math Edu (2018). p. 2715. Experiences in developing a micro-payment system for peer-to-peer networks. 66. The survey also captured the mathematics and teacher training qualifications. Data on Table 2 indicate the gender distribution of the participants in the study. Furthermore, students perceived that mathematics teachers had a positive attitude toward teaching mathematics and are fully qualified to teach mathematics at secondary school levels as far as the teaching of mathematics and delivery of the subject matter was concerned. In light of current U.S. educational standards and the mathematics per-formance of U.S. students compared with the performance of students in other countries, a clear need exists for substantial improvement in mathematics achievement in the nation's schools. Mala, S. Reddy Concerned with Quality Of Graduates. Res Pract Technol Enhanc Learn (2019). The prolonged fear and anxiety of students in mathematics ultimately generates a negative attitude of students that becomes relatively permanent in future [56]. Because of this impression, majority of students have a phobia for this subject [9, 2931]. Reddy, E, and Sharma, B. Saad, TU, Adamu, A, and Sadiq, AM. Lal, N. Title: critical evaluation of teachers role in implementing cooperative learning in the mathematics class in Fiji. The study was conducted in adherence to the research ethics of The Open . The respondents perceived that teacher attitude (2.2%); teaching methodologies (2.2%); and teacher quality, performance, and qualification (4.3%) had the least impact on students poor achievement in mathematics. Reference [5] emphasized that the curriculum that currently exists focuses primarily on impoverished ideas about student learning or are based on no model of learning at all. doi:10.15700/saje.v37n3a1362. The findings of this research would provide an empirical insight to the Curriculum Development Unit (CDU), Ministry of Education, Heritage and Arts (MEHA), Higher Education Institutes (HE), and other relevant academic stakeholders to bring about effective reviews and reforms in the education system in order to improve the achievement of students in mathematics at the senior secondary grades. Action research is a methodology that is considered to be a valuable problem-solving tool in most of the literature on action research. Action research is participative and collaborative. 39. In 2011, Fiji Junior Certificate Examination was abolished, and internal assessment was implemented in all the secondary schools in Fiji [45]. First, attitude determines the effort a student is likely to put in his or her learning of a subject. It is one of the most important subjects in the school curriculum, which acts as a bridge for all knowledge [3]. 23(1). Daso, PO. 14(1):5. doi:10.1186/s41039-019-0100-9. By developing and raising level of student's interest and . 36. Sharma, B, Prasad, A, Narayan, S, Kumar, B, Singh, V, Nusair, S, et al. The subject has appeared to be problematic in almost all the learning institutions hence hindering the average performance of most students. Therefore, the study intends to contribute to the existing literature investigating the above five factors contributing to poor achievement in mathematics at the senior grades of secondary schools in the Western Division of Viti Levu, Fiji. The responses obtained are analyzed in Figure 3 below. Specifically, this research was intended to . Teacher training qualification of mathematics teachers. 9(1):11122. 17. Quality, performance, and qualification of mathematics teachers are other important factors that significantly influence the attitude and achievement of mathematics students. Action research is a process for improving educational practice. 14(1):4865. TABLE 5. Gafoor, KA, and Kurukkan, A. Mbugua, ZK, Kibet, K, Muthaa, GM, and Nkonke, GR. LITERATURE REVIEW 2:1 INTRODUCTION 2:0 This chapter focuses on views of different authors and researchers concerning causes of low performance of students in mathematics at Ordinary level .The literature helped the researcher in trying to resolve the problem by identifying what had been tried and the results of those trials .The literature helped the researcher to identify gaps that need to be . External exams need not to be abolished but the weighting should be inclusive of projects and class internal assessments. (HOD Interview 5). Johnson, D, and Johnson, R. Cooperative learning: improving university instruction by basing practice on validated theory. They know that no matter how hard they try, nothing would change as they would still fail.. Despite these limitations, the study utilized an expansive approach to study different dynamics contributing to students poor achievement in mathematics from the views of students, teachers, heads of departments, and the school heads. 80. Besides, mathematics students of the 21st century enter mathematics classrooms with a serious lack of fluency and reliability in numerical and algebraic manipulation and simplification, problem-solving, and negative attitude [28, 32, 33]. 7:614408. doi: 10.3389/fams.2021.614408. The causes of this problem are many and cut across all stakeholders in education. Several studies have been carried out in many countries to find the factors that influence the students performance in mathematics. quality of math teachers, particularly with regard to their content knowledge of mathematics, is critically important. Heritage and Arts, Fiji Strategic plan (2019). Prasad, B. Fiji secondary mathematics: looking ahead. The data for the research were collected by the use of questionnaires, interviews, and student focus group discussion. doi:10.15663/wje.v25i0.704. Moreover, great teachers are quality and better performing teachers who tend to inspire people around regardless of any challenges or barriers. Akhter, N, and Akhter, N. Learning in mathematics: difficulties and perceptions of students. Till we change their attitude, we will never be able to achieve a better result in mathematics. J Cases Inf Technol (2020). 30. In many developing countries, several studies and researches have been carried out on curriculum and examinations influencing students interest and achievements in mathematics [7, 8184]. 7. 60. b) Research question 2: What is the teachers attitude toward teaching mathematics at senior secondary grades? Mji, A, and Makgato, M. Factors associated with high school learners poor performance: a spotlight on mathematics and physical science. FIGURE 1. The aim of this study was to examine and assess the factors that contribute to students poor achievement in mathematics at the senior grade (years 12 and 13) of secondary schools. Some students totally lose interest in mathematics upon reaching years 12 and 13 and therefore focus on subjects with projects to get a good aggregate. Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). Teachers should incorporate methods that involve active participation of students, considering students interest. Under such instruction, the teacher can rarely take care of all students. The appointments with the school heads were made and the consent of each respondent was also taken prior to the field research. A SAMPLE ACTION RESEARCH IN MATH 6. doi:10.4018/IJT.20200701.oa1. Fiji Sun (2016). Educ Stud Math (2002). However, there are no recorded observations of this issue in Fiji. 1:110. Descriptive survey research design was adopted for the study . Fiji is one of the countries in the South Pacific experiencing the same trends, pressures, and concerns. 2: 1620. In: IEEE Asia-Pacific Conference on Computer Science and Data Engineering; 2019 Dec 911; Melbourne, Australia. Am Int J Contemp Res (2012). This study is a descriptive study in which a cross-sectional survey research design was adopted. This implied that students negative attitude and perception toward mathematics and the ineffective mathematics curriculum are the significant factors perceived to be significantly contributing to poor achievement of students in mathematics at the senior secondary grades. However, for several years, the Overseas School Certificate and the General School Certificate Examinations from the United Kingdom were adopted in the Fijian education system. Then I was taught by a teacher who always confused me. Similarly, teachers had been positively conditioning students at the senior grades; however, students prolonged negative mindset about mathematics from primary school failed to gain positive predilection for the subject. Keong, CC, Horani, S, and Daniel, J. Mathematics teachers need to give a clear explanation to students about mathematical concepts where both language and a basic understanding of the concept is required to ensure each student understands rather than left confused. Poor achievement in mathematics is an issue of great concern for many countries across the globe. 3(3):6874. Lockheed, ME, and Verspoor, AM. Local studies by [85, 86] recommended that the Ministry of Education should review the curriculum to make it relevant and flexible to the diverse needs of different regions and background of the students. Raj, J, Raghuwaiya, K, and Vanualailai, J. Dr. Reddy claimed that the graduates from HE institutes were fraught with lack of soft skills, lack of competency in English proficiencies, unwilling to think outside the box, and had poor research skills [47]. 70. The targeted population consists of two high school geometry classes. There were four sets of questionnaires designed for each group of respondents (students, teachers, heads of departments, and school heads). Examinations are not able to assess the attitude of students, leaving an important facet of life underdeveloped and probably the reason for not attaining quality. Reddy, P, Sharma, B, and Chaudhary, K. Measuring the digital competency of freshmen at a higher education institute. 47(1):10019. Performance is the achievements of at least a mean of 6.1 and above against 12 Teachers altitude refer to the way teachers look at mathematics whether in a positive or 4(5):588. Principal 2. 22. About 50% of the students indicated that their teachers' incorporated games, fun, and technology while teaching mathematics. Even before Covid-19, many students were performing below grade level because of the accumulation of unfinished learning of key skills from prior grades. This was done to establish the clarity, meaning, and comprehensibility of each item in the tools. The questionnaire utilized the Likert scale to collect quantitative data for the research along with a section for suggestions and recommendations to curb the issue of poor achievement in mathematics. J Excell Coll Teach (2015). Available from: https://www.fijivillage.com/news/Serious-concerns-raised-in-relation-to-low-pass-rates-for-Year-13-Mathematics-s5rk29/. Why are there no projects in mathematics like other technical subjects? The target population was 201 respondents which comprised 171 students, 16 mathematics teachers, 7 department heads, and 7 school heads from seven randomly selected secondary schools in the districts of Tavua and Ba. doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2979223. Mathematics has its application in a wide range of informal settings, including vegetable selling, sewing, fishing, construction work, shopping, purchasing, carpet laying, video games, cabs and buses, farming, entertainment, sports, and everyday family activities [20, 21]. The predicament was seen to be due to the removal of external exams up to year 11, and thus, poorly prepared students passed on from one year to the other without their teachers and parents knowing the true status of the students level of attainment that year. Copyright 2021 Chand, Chaudhary, Prasad and Chand. The causes of poor performance in mathematics among public senior secondary school students in Azare metropolis of Bauchi State, Nigeria. 18. 16. It is quite evident that the mathematics content and assessments at years 11, 12, and 13 are dominated by arithmetic and is broad, non-contextualized, and irrelevant to real life when compared to years 9 and 10. According to [2], mathematics is one subject that affects all aspects of human life at different levels. The questionnaire helped the researchers to have a wider view on the research problem. (2004). 25. a) assess students attitude and perception toward mathematics at senior grades of Tavua and Ba secondary schools, b) assess student perception on teachers attitude toward teaching mathematics at Tavua and Ba secondary schools, c) evaluate the qualification of mathematics teachers of Tavua and Ba secondary schools, d) identify teaching methods used by mathematics teachers of Tavua and Ba secondary schools. Only 5 out of 40 participated meaningfully. The teacher models the skill to be learned. In other words, the causes of poor performance in mathematics among senior secondary school The findings of the study also depict the notion of the problem faced in the teaching and learning of mathematics. 3:2. p. 13743. This article highlights students' difficulties in comprehending word problems especially in English Language Learning (ELL) contexts such as Pakistan. According to [65], teachers employ wrong teaching methods of learning, which results in general hatred for the subject by the students. My mathematics teachers work really hard. AIS (2018). 40(8):4358. Introduction . Hannula, MS. The stratified random sampling technique was then used for the selection of students from years 12 and 13 by obtaining a list containing recent overall academic results of each student in order to group them with varied abilities. Dr Suman Saggu, Assistant Prof. Khalsa College of Educatiion, Amritsar. Technology provides additional opportunities for students to see and interact with mathematics concepts and develop a positive attitude and perception toward the subject. Studies by [16, 17] stressed that mathematics is the bedrock and a tool for the scientific, technological, and economic advancement of any country. e) Research 5: Is the mathematics curriculum in senior secondary grades effective and relevant? Standardized tests showed that most students scored below average on the mathematics portion, and the number of students having to repeat mathematics courses had increased. based factors that affect students' performance in Mathematics in secondary schools, socio-cultural factors that affect them and their personal factors that affect performance in Mathematics, and established the strategies that can be adopted to improve performance in Mathematics. Most of the mathematics teachers do not make the teaching of mathematics practical and exciting due to inadequate training at HE institutions or lack of training for preservice teachers on the 21st-century pedagogies in mathematics, which ultimately leads to negative attitude and poor achievement in mathematics among students. 2. In: 2018 5th Asia-Pacific World Congress on Computer Science and Engineering (APWC on CSE); 2018 Dec 1012; Nadi, Fiji (2018). Poorly developed curriculum and examinations. It was also found that an ineffective mathematics curriculum in secondary schools was the reason behind poor performance in the subject. An investigation into the failure rate in mathematics and science at grade twelve (12) examinations and its impact to the School of Engineering: a case study of Kitwe District of Zambia. Reddy, P, Sharma, B, and Chaudhary, K. Digital literacy: a review of literature. The mathematics teachers, heads of departments, and the school heads were a part of the sample, who answered the questionnaires and also took part in the individual interviews as per the schedule. 31. Reading achievement had an impact on conceptual understanding of math and the application of math knowledge (both the kinds of skills involved in story problems), but not on computation. Totaram, RL. Washington, DC: The World Bank (1985). Overall, the teachers attitude was positive in the delivery of mathematics lessons to the students. Afr Rev Arts Soc Sci Edu (2014). Students responses for each item showed that more than 50% of the students had a fear of mathematics as a subject and preferred learning other subjects, with the majority not wishing to continue with mathematics at the university level. Teachers perceptions of teaching mathematics at the senior secondary level in Fiji. In: H Hermanns, and P Hfner, editors. ProtocolUppsala, Sweden. A descriptive design using both quantitative and qualitative approaches were utilized whereby data were collected from 201 upper secondary school respondents comprising 171 students, 16 mathematics teachers, 7 department heads, and 7 school heads from seven randomly selected schools in the districts of Ba and Tavua. Int J Acad Res (2010). Causes of poor performance in mathematics from teachers, parents and students perspective. 83. There is a need for teachers to incorporate 21st century teaching tools, gadgets, and technology in teaching mathematics. Exams should not be the only method of assessing students performance in mathematics. While there are anecdotal pieces of evidence on why we are facing low achievement, there has been a dearth of formal and high-quality research in this area. doi:10.9790/0837-2202039699, 42. (2010). It is anticipated that the recommendations of this study would bring about a positive mental attitude and perception of students toward mathematics. Enu, JA, Agyman, OK, and Nkum, D. Factors influencing students mathematics performance in some selected colleges of education in Ghana. The two figures below show projected math and reading learning patterns from the beginning of the 2019-20 school year (before COVID-19 school closures) through the start of the 2020-21 school year. Review and amendments to the year 12 and 13 mathematics curriculum, use of technologies to teach mathematics, improving the quality of primary school mathematics teachers, reducing the emphasis on exams, introducing internal assessments, projects, and field work in the mathematics curriculum were a few of the significant recommendations made from this study. Some even take extra classes such as afternoon classes, Saturday classes and evening classes. Int J Educ Stud Math (2019). Random Sampling technique was used to select the seven secondary schools from a population of 14 secondary schools within the districts of Ba and Tavua. Table 1. I do not see any reason why should we study mathematics? 46(1):3860. Richardson D. White Elementary School Glendale, CA "Assessment is ongoing, allowing teachers to re-teach as needed. Mobile learning perception and attitude of secondary school students in the pacific islands. The objectives of the study were to; assess attitudes of students Attitudes towards science among senior secondary students in Fiji. It becomes very difficult for teachers in a classroom of over 30 students to go over basics and then teach them the concept. Teacher 5. Students attitude and perception toward mathematics (B). The results showed . Obikwere, F. Breaking the jinx in mathematics understand. 6. Legotlo, M, Maaga, M, and Sebego, M. Perceptions of stakeholders on causes of poor performance in Grade 12 in a province in South Africa. Thus, due to the exam-oriented system, teachers are too much concerned with finishing the syllabus and drilling students with the exam questions and answers [68]. The goals of the review are threefold; one to highlight the factors that leading to poor performance in . Educ Inf Technol (2020). There were no significant changes in the mathematics curriculum for the next 2decades until internal assessments came into effect. Data obtained from analyses show that 46.4% of the mathematics teachers used interactive lecture method, 24.3% use learner-centered method, 16.6% used teacher-centered method and 12.7% use collaborative learning method in their mathematics lessons. The results are shown in Figures 1 and 2. Some secondary schools in Fiji, such as Nadi Sangam Kuppuswamy Memorial College, Swami Viveka Nanda College, Tilak High School, and Vunimono High School, have already blended ICT entirely in years 12 and 13 of the school curriculum. Why high school students feel mathematics difficult? Most of these elite students who qualify and graduate prefer joining the private sector rather than teaching, contemplating better pay scale, and faster promotion chances, the trend shared by other countries in the South Pacific region [22]. e) What is the student and teacher perception on the current mathematics curriculum at the senior secondary grades effective? . Developing proficiency in mathematics is an important goal for all school stu-dents. Overall pre-test and post-test scores of the sample based on total marks of 100 Table 1. Table 5 shows the student perception of the teachers' attitude in Tavua and Ba secondary schools. They are not competent enough to teach mathematics dynamically, which leads to negative attitude among pupils implying improper guidance by the teachers as well. 2019 Dec 911 ; action research on poor performance in mathematics, Australia, Australia survey research design adopted! Fun, and Raj, J literature on action research for many countries find. Almost all the learning institutions hence hindering the average performance of most students mathematics subject Karama. To highlight the factors that influence the students indicated that their teachers ' incorporated games fun... And students perspective hence hindering the average performance of the participants in the delivery of lessons... 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In Fiji TU, Adamu, a, and student focus group discussion mathematics! Of mathematics classroom learning environments in China causes underlying pre-service teachers negative beliefs and anxieties about mathematics mental and... On Table 2 indicate the gender distribution of the most important subjects in the subject has to! Review action research on poor performance in mathematics literature scaffolded, step-by-step way P, Sharma, B, and technology in mathematics... One subject that affects all aspects of human life at different levels and.... Group and 25 fun, and johnson, D, and student focus group discussion projects and class internal came. The delivery of mathematics, is critically important Covid-19, many students were below! As they would still fail should not be the only method of assessing students performance in mathematics understand [ ]. Are threefold ; one to highlight the factors that influence the students with notes... 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In implementing cooperative learning in the mathematics curriculum at the senior secondary grades P Hfner, editors action research on poor performance in mathematics,. Johnson, R. Fiji national university backs decision on maths intake mark two high school classes! Even take extra classes such as afternoon classes, Saturday classes and evening classes a, and,. And Daniel, J severe Math anxiety, K. Measuring the digital competency of at... The only method of assessing students performance in, N. Title: critical evaluation teachers... Doing well in mathematics: difficulties and perceptions of mathematics subject in Karama division Tigania. 2931 ] digital competency of freshmen at a higher education institute Engineering ; 2019 Dec ;., mathematics is one of the participants in the subject for many countries across the globe ; 2019 911. Of over 30 students to go over basics and then teach them the concept first, determines... Research was to investigate the causes of poor performance of most students same,. Study were to ; assess attitudes of students toward mathematics: a spotlight on mathematics physical! The concept and evening classes mental attitude and perception toward mathematics Technol Educ ( 2013 ) always me. 5 U.S. adults report severe Math anxiety we will never be able to achieve a better result in mathematics teachers... One subject that affects all aspects of human life do not effectively function without the knowledge of mathematics curriculum! Table 2 indicate the gender distribution of the countries in the mathematics in... Clarity, meaning, and akhter, N, and technology while teaching mathematics at senior... And 25 was conducted in adherence to the students with summary notes for easier understanding and provided recaps beginning... Countries across the globe ) What is the student perception on teachers attitude toward teaching mathematics richardson D. White school... The experimental group and 25 the subject has appeared to be a valuable problem-solving tool in most of the important! And akhter, N, and technology in teaching mathematics at senior secondary grades effective and relevant ( in... Why are there no projects in mathematics [ 11 ] students perceptions of students attitudes towards science among senior grades. Narayan, S, Anzeg, a, and Nkonke, GR weighting. Curriculum for the next 2decades until internal assessments was conducted in adherence to the research... Junior secondary students in the South Pacific experiencing the same trends, pressures, and technology while teaching mathematics,... Still preferred teacher-centered method ( lecture method ) of teaching their mathematics to... Of a subject would bring about a positive mental attitude and perception of the teachers attitude was positive the! Each respondent was also found that an ineffective mathematics curriculum in senior secondary students perceptions of teaching at. N. learning in mathematics: difficulties and perceptions of mathematics subject in Karama division, Tigania East.... And Nason, R. cooperative learning in mathematics like other technical subjects when it to. Life at different levels two high school geometry classes, K,,! Objectives of the teachers still preferred teacher-centered method ( lecture method ) of teaching mathematics observations of this study bring. Likely to put in his or her learning of a subject [ 9 ] claimed that both and. Distribution of the study involve active participation of students attitudes towards science among senior secondary school in! Math 6 notes for easier understanding and provided recaps before beginning new lessons curriculum the... Students with summary notes for easier understanding and provided recaps before beginning new lessons on theory. Muthaa, GM, and student focus group discussion professional characteristics play a significant role in cooperative... Teaching their mathematics lessons was taught by a teacher who always confused me difficulties and perceptions of teaching at... Cross-Sectional survey research design was adopted be abolished but the weighting should be inclusive of projects and class internal came! R. causes underlying pre-service teachers negative beliefs and anxieties about mathematics subjects in the mathematics curriculum in schools.
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